Ugcino lwamandla: Ikamva lokuSetyenziswa kwamandla?

Ngokwamkelwa ngokubanzi kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, icandelo lezamandla liye latshintsha ngokukhawuleza kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo. Ukusukela ekunyukeni kwesolar eluphahleni ukuya ekungeneni kwezithuthi zombane, utshintsho oluya kuqoqosho lwamandla acocekileyo luqhuba kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, olu tshintsho alunangxaki. Ekujongeni ukwanda kwemfuno yamandla, ubuncwane obunqongopheleyo, kunye namaxabiso aguquguqukayo, imithombo yamandla eqhelekileyo efana ne-oyile, amalahle, kunye negesi yendalo iya kuqhubeka idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwicandelo lamandla kwixesha elizayo elibonakalayo.

Ukuze sijongane ngokupheleleyo nemingeni yokuguquguquka kwembonakalo yamandla, kwaye sibeke isiseko sekamva lamandla azinzileyo, kufuneka siphuhlise imikhwa esebenzayo nesebenzayo yokusebenzisa amandla. Ukujonga phambili, enye yezinto eziphambili eziza kunceda ukuqhuba utshintsho kwikamva lamandla azinzileyo kukugcinwa kwamandla.

Yintoni uGcino lwaMandla?

Ukugcinwa kwamandla yinkqubo eguqula kwaye igcine amandla ukusuka kolunye uhlobo ukuya kolunye. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zokugcinwa kwamandla: i-chemical-based kunye nombane. Ukugcinwa kwamandla okusekwe kwimichiza kubandakanya itekhnoloji enje ngeebhetri, umoya ocinezelweyo, ityuwa enyibilikisiweyo, kunye neeseli zamafutha e-hydrogen. Umbane lolunye uhlobo logcino lwamandla; iquka ubuchwepheshe obufana namandla ombane ampontshiweyo, iiflywheels, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion, i-vanadium redox flow battery, kunye ne-supercapacitors. Ezi teknoloji zinokugcina amandla amakhulu ixesha elide kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, iteknoloji yebhetri ye-lithium-ion inokugcina umbane oxabisa iveki ngeyure nje enye!

Iindleko zokuGcina amandla

Omnye wemiqobo emikhulu ejongene namandla ahlaziyekayo kukungakwazi kwawo ukunika amandla angaguqukiyo. Ngexesha leeyure eziphakamileyo, xa imveliso yamandla ahlaziyekayo isezantsi, imithombo yemveli efana namalahle kunye negesi yendalo idla ngokubizwa ukuba ivale umsantsa ekuboneleleni ngawo. Nangona kunjalo, abakwazi ukuhlangabezana nale mfuno ngenxa yemida yabo yokusebenza.

Apha kulapho ugcino lwamandla lungena khona. Izisombululo zogcino lwamandla zinganceda ukunciphisa imfuno yale mithombo yemveli ngexesha leeyure zemfuno ye-peak-energy ngokubonelela ngomthombo ozinzileyo wamandla onokusetyenziswa nanini na xa kufuneka kakhulu.

Omnye ucelomngeni kumandla elanga nawomoya yindalo yawo enqumamayo—le mithombo ivelisa umbane kuphela xa kukhanya ilanga okanye xa kuvuthuza umoya. Oku kungangqinelani kwenza kube nzima kwizinto eziluncedo ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili imfuno yamandla eqikelelwayo kunye nokudala inkqubo yegridi ethembekileyo.

Ugcino lwamandla lubonelela ngendlela yokujikeleza le ngxaki ngokugcina amandla agqithisileyo aveliswe kwimithombo ehlaziyekayo ngexesha leeyure ezingasebenziyo ukuze zisetyenziswe ngamaxesha okusebenzisa kakhulu. Ngokwenza oko, kuya kwenza ukuba imithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo ibonelele ngamandla ngaphandle kokuthembela kwiijenereyitha zamandla eziqhelekileyo ezifana namalahle kunye negesi.

Ukongeza ekunyuseni ukuthembeka, ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba ukongeza isisombululo sokugcina amandla kunokubangela ukugcinwa kweendleko ezibalulekileyo kwiindawo apho ezi zixhobo zinqabile okanye zibiza kakhulu (umzekelo, uluntu olukude). Ezi zisombululo zikwanika ithuba lokuba oorhulumente bonge imali kwiindleko zeziseko ezingundoqo ezinxulumene nokwakha oomatshini bombane abongezelelweyo kunye neentambo zothumelo ngelixa besahlangabezana neemfuno ezandayo zombane ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Ikamva lokusetyenziswa kwamandla liqaqambile. Ukugcinwa kwamandla, okudityaniswe nemithombo ehlaziyekayo, kuya kusinceda sakhe ikamva elizinzileyo.