Ibhetri eguquguqukayo-umthambo wezinto zombane zabathengi kwixesha elizayo

Ngokuphuculwa kwemigangatho yokuphila kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, i-elektroniki eguquguqukayo ifumene ingqalelo engakumbi nangakumbi. Inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji ye-elektroniki eguquguqukayo inokutshintsha kakhulu uhlobo lwemveliso empilweni, ukunxiba, kwi-Intanethi yeYonke into, kunye nerobhothi, kwaye inamandla amakhulu entengiso.

Ngokuphuculwa kwemigangatho yokuphila kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, i-elektroniki eguquguqukayo ifumene ingqalelo engakumbi nangakumbi. Inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji ye-elektroniki eguquguqukayo inokutshintsha kakhulu uhlobo lwemveliso empilweni, ukunxiba, kwi-Intanethi yeYonke into, kunye nerobhothi, kwaye inamandla amakhulu entengiso.

Iinkampani ezininzi zityale imali eninzi kuphando kunye nophuhliso, enye emva kwenye ukusasazwa kwangoko kobuchwephesha besizukulwana esilandelayo kunye nophuhliso lwemveliso entsha. Kutshanje, iiselfowuni ezisongelwayo ziye zayindlela ethandwayo. Ukusonga linyathelo lokuqala leemveliso ze-elektroniki ukusuka kubulukhuni bemveli ukuya kubhetyebhetye.

I-Samsung Galaxy Fold kunye neHuawei Mate X bazise iifowuni ezisongekayo kwimbono yoluntu kwaye zirhweba ngokwenene, kodwa izisombululo zabo zonke zixhomekeke kwisiqingatha. Nangona isiqwenga esipheleleyo somboniso we-OLED oguquguqukayo sisetyenzisiwe, okushiyekileyo Isixhobo asikwazi ukugotywa okanye ukugotywa. Okwangoku, owona mda wokwenyani wezixhobo eziguquguqukayo ezifana neeselfowuni eziguquguqukayo ayisesiso isikrini ngokwaso kodwa kukuveliswa kwezinto zombane eziguquguqukayo, ngakumbi iibhetri eziguquguqukayo. Ibhetri yobonelelo lwamandla ihlala ithatha uninzi lomthamo wesixhobo, ngoko ke ikwalelona candelo liyimfuneko ekuphumezeni ububhetyebhetye bokwenyani kunye nokugoba. Ukongeza, izixhobo ezinxitywayo ezinje ngee-smartwatches kunye nezacholo ezikrelekrele zisasebenzisa iibhetri zesiqhelo, ezisikelwe umda ngobukhulu, ezikhokelela kubomi bebhetri buhlala bunikelwa. Ke ngoko, umthamo omkhulu, iibhetri eziguquguqukayo eziphezulu ziyinto eguqukayo kwiiselfowuni ezisongelwayo kunye nezixhobo ezinxitywayo.

1.Inkcazo kunye neenzuzo zeebhetri eziguquguqukayo

Ibhetri eguquguqukayo bhekisa ngokubanzi kwiibhetri ezinokugotywa kwaye zisetyenziswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Iimpawu zazo ziquka ukugobeka, ukunwebeka, ukusonteka, kunye nokujika; zinokuba iibhetri ze-lithium-ion, iibhetri ze-zinc-manganese okanye iibhetri zesilivere-zinc, okanye i-Supercapacitor. Ekubeni inxalenye nganye yebhetri eguquguqukayo ifumana i-deformation ethile ngexesha lokugoba kunye nenkqubo yokwelula, izixhobo kunye nesakhiwo senxalenye nganye yebhetri eguquguqukayo kufuneka igcine ukusebenza emva kwamaxesha amaninzi okugoba kunye nokwelula. Ngokwemvelo, iimfuno zobugcisa kule ndawo ziphezulu kakhulu. Phezulu. Emva kokuba ibhetri ye-lithium yangoku iphantsi kwe-deformation, ukusebenza kwayo kuya konakala kakhulu, kwaye kunokubakho neengozi zokhuseleko. Ke ngoko, iibhetri eziguquguqukayo zifuna imathiriyeli entsha kraca kunye noyilo lwesakhiwo.

Xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri zemveli eziqinileyo, iibhetri eziguquguqukayo zinokuguquguquka okuphezulu kokusingqongileyo, ukusebenza okuchasene nokungqubana, kunye nokhuseleko olungcono. Ngaphezu koko, iibhetri eziguquguqukayo zinokwenza iimveliso ze-elektroniki ziphuhlise kwicala le-ergonomic. Iibhetri eziguquguqukayo zinokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko kunye nomthamo we-hardware ehlakaniphile, ukongeza amandla amatsha kunye nokuphucula amandla akhoyo, okwenza i-hardware entsha kunye nehlabathi elibonakalayo ukufezekisa ukuhlanganiswa okunzulu okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili.

2.Ubungakanani bemarike yeebhetri eziguquguqukayo

Ishishini le-elektroniki eliguquguqukayo lithathwa njengolona lulandelayo lolona luhlu lulandelayo lophuhliso lweshishini lombane. Imiba eqhubayo kuphuhliso lwalo olukhawulezileyo yimfuno enkulu yemarike kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo eyomeleleyo yelizwe. Amazwe amaninzi angaphandle sele equlunqe izicwangciso zophando kwii-elektroniki eziguquguqukayo. Njengesicwangciso se-US FDCASU, iProjekthi ye-Horizon ye-European Union, i-South Korea ye-"Korea Green IT National Strategy," njalo njalo, iSiseko seSayensi yezeNdalo yaseTshayina ye-12 kunye ne-13 yeSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu yaseTshayina ikwabandakanya i-elektroniki eguquguqukayo njengendawo ebalulekileyo yophando. ukwenziwa kwe-micro-nano.

Ukongeza kokudibanisa iisekethe ze-elektroniki, izinto ezisebenzayo, ukwenziwa kwe-micro-nano, kunye nezinye iinkalo zobuchwepheshe, itekhnoloji ye-elektroniki eguquguqukayo iphinda idibanise i-semiconductors, ukupakishwa, uvavanyo, iintambo, iikhemikhali, iisekethe eziprintiweyo, iipaneli zokubonisa kunye namanye amashishini. Iza kuqhuba imakethi yeetriliyoni zeedola kwaye incedise amacandelo eMveli ekwandiseni ixabiso elongezelelweyo lemizi-mveliso nokuzisa iinguqu eziguqukayo kubume boshishino nobomi bomntu. Ngokoqikelelo lwemibutho enegunya, ishishini le-elektroniki eliguquguqukayo liya kuxabisa i-US $ 46.94 yezigidigidi ngo-2018 kunye ne-301 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2028, kunye nesantya sokukhula sonyaka esiphantse sibe ngama-30% ukusuka ngo-2011 ukuya ku-2028, kwaye sikwindlela yexesha elide. ukukhula ngokukhawuleza.

Ibhetri eguquguqukayo-umthambo wezinto zombane zabathengi kwixesha elizayo 〡 Mizuki Capital original
Umzobo 1: Ikhonkco leshishini lebhetri eliguquguqukayo

Ibhetri eguquguqukayo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yecandelo le-electronic flexible. Zingasetyenziswa kwiiselfowuni ezisongekayo, izixhobo ezinxitywayo, iimpahla eziqaqambileyo, kunye nezinye iindawo kwaye zinemfuno yentengiso ebanzi. Ngokwengxelo yophando kuqikelelo lwentengiso yebhetri eguquguqukayo ka-2020 ekhutshwe ziiMarike kunye neeMarike, ngo-2020, imakethi yebhetri eguquguqukayo yehlabathi kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele kwi-617 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika. Ukususela ngo-2015 ukuya ku-2020, ibhetri eguquguqukayo iya kukhula kwizinga lokukhula lonyaka elihlanganisiweyo le-53.68%. Nyusa. Njengomshishini oqhelekileyo osezantsi webhetri eguquguqukayo, imboni yesixhobo esinxitywayo kulindeleke ukuba ithumele i-280 yezigidi zeeyunithi ngo-2021. Njengoko i-hardware yendabuko ingena kwixesha le-bottleneck kunye nokusetyenziswa okutsha kobuchwepheshe obutsha, izixhobo ezinxitywayo zingenisa ixesha elitsha lophuhliso olukhawulezayo. Kuya kubakho imfuno enkulu yeebhetri eziguquguqukayo.

Nangona kunjalo, imboni yebhetri eguquguqukayo isajongene nemingeni emininzi, kwaye ingxaki enkulu yimicimbi yezobugcisa. Ishishini lebhetri eliguquguqukayo linemiqobo ephezulu yokungena, kwaye imiba emininzi efana nezixhobo, izakhiwo kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa kufuneka zisonjululwe. Okwangoku, umsebenzi omninzi wophando usekwinqanaba lebhubhoratri, kwaye zimbalwa kakhulu iinkampani ezinokuqhuba imveliso yobuninzi.

3.Ulwalathiso lobuchwephesha lweebhetri eziguquguqukayo

Isikhokelo sobugcisa bokuqonda iibhetri eziguquguqukayo okanye ezinwebekayo ikakhulu kuyilo lwezakhiwo ezitsha kunye nezinto eziguquguqukayo. Ngokukodwa, kukho ikakhulu ezi ndidi zintathu zilandelayo:

3.1.Ibhetri yefilimu encinci

Umgaqo osisiseko weebhetri zefilimu kukusebenzisa unyango lwe-ultra-thin yezixhobo kwinqanaba ngalinye lebhetri ukuze kube lula ukugoba kwaye, okwesibini, ukuphucula ukusebenza komjikelo ngokuguqula izinto okanye i-electrolyte. Iibhetri ze-Thin-film ubukhulu becala zimele iibhetri ze-lithium ceramic ezivela eTaiwan Huineng kunye neebhetri ze-zinc polymer ezivela kwi-Imprint Energy e-United States. Inzuzo yolu hlobo lwebhetri kukuba inokufikelela kwinqanaba elithile lokugoba kwaye i-ultra-thin (<1mm); i-disadvantage kukuba i-IT ayikwazi ukuyolula, ubomi bubola ngokukhawuleza emva kokuguquka, umthamo uncinci (inqanaba leyure ye-milliamp), kwaye ixabiso liphezulu.

3.2.Ibhetri eprintiweyo (ibhetri yephepha)

Njengeebhetri zefilimu ebhityileyo, iibhetri zephepha ezisebenzisa ifilim ebhityileyo njengesithwala. Umahluko kukuba inki ekhethekileyo eyenziwe ngezinto zokuqhuba kunye ne-carbon nanomaterials ifakwe kwifilimu ngexesha lokulungiselela. Iimpawu zeebhetri zephepha eziprintiweyo zefilimu encinci zithambile, zilula, kwaye zincinci. Nangona zinamandla aphantsi kuneebhetri zefilimu ecekethekileyo, zinobuhlobo ngakumbi nemekobume—ibhetri elinokulahlwa ngokubanzi.

Iibhetri zephepha zeze-electronics eziprintiweyo, kwaye zonke iikhomponenti zazo okanye iinxalenye zazo zigqitywa ngeendlela zokuvelisa ukushicilela. Kwangaxeshanye, iimveliso zombane eziprintiweyo zinamacala amabini kwaye zineempawu eziguquguqukayo.

3.3. Uyilo olutsha lwebhetri (ibhetri enkulu eguquguqukayo)

Iibhetri zefilimu encinci kunye neebhetri eziprintiweyo zilinganiselwe umthamo kwaye zinokufikelela kuphela iimveliso zamandla aphantsi. Kwaye iimeko zosetyenziso ezininzi zinemfuno engaphezulu yamandla amakhulu. Oku kwenza ifilim engabhityi 3D iibhetri eziguquguqukayo zibe yimarike eshushu. Umzekelo, ibhetri eyolulekayo ekhoyo ngoku edumileyo eguquguqukayo, eyolulekayo ebonwa sisakhiwo sebhulorho yesiqithi. Umgaqo wale bhetri luchungechunge-lufanayo lwesakhiwo sebhetri. Ubunzima buxhomekeke kwi-conductivity ephezulu kunye nekhonkco elithembekileyo phakathi kweebhetri, ezinokuthi zinwebe kwaye zigobe, kunye nangaphandle Khusela ukuyila kwepakethi. Inzuzo yolu hlobo lwebhetri kukuba inokwelula, igobe, kwaye ijije. Xa ujika, ukugoba kuphela isinxibelelanisi akuchaphazeli ubomi bebhetri ngokwayo. Inomthamo omkhulu (inqanaba leyure ye-ampere) kunye neendleko eziphantsi; into embi kukuba ukuthamba kwendawo akulunganga njengebhetri ebhityileyo kakhulu. Yiba mncinci. Kukwakho nesakhiwo se-origami, esisonga iphepha le-2D-dimensional kwiimilo ezahlukeneyo kwisithuba se-3D ngokugoba kunye nokugoba. Le teknoloji ye-origami isetyenziswe kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion, kwaye umqokeleli wangoku, i-electrode efanelekileyo, i-electrode engafanelekanga, njl. Xa yoluliwe kwaye igobile, ibhetri inokumelana noxinzelelo oluninzi ngenxa yesiphumo sokusonga kwaye inokuqina okuhle. Ayiyi kuchaphazela ukusebenza. Ukongezelela, badla ngokuthatha i-wave-shaped structure, oko kukuthi, i-wave-shaped structure enwebekayo. Izinto ezisebenzayo zisetyenziswe kwisiqwenga sepali yentsimbi emise okwe-wave ukwenza i-electrode enwebekayo. Ibhetri ye-lithium esekelwe kwesi sakhiwo iye yoluliwe kwaye igobile ngamaxesha amaninzi. Isenako ukugcina umthamo olungileyo womjikelo.

Iibhetri ezibhityileyo kakhulu zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimveliso zombane ezicekethekileyo ezifana namakhadi ombane, iibhetri eziprintiweyo zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwiimeko zosetyenziso olunye njengeethegi zeRFID, kwaye iibhetri ezinomthamo omkhulu obhetyebhetye zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiimveliso zombane ezikrelekrele njengewotshi kunye neeselfowuni. ezifuna umthamo omkhulu. Uphakamileyo.

4.Imeko yokhuphiswano lweebhetri eziguquguqukayo

Imarike yebhetri eguquguqukayo isavela, kwaye abadlali abathatha inxaxheba ikakhulu ngabavelisi bebhetri bemveli, iingxilimbela zetekhnoloji, kunye neenkampani zokuqalisa. Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku akukho menzi ubalaseleyo kwihlabathi, kwaye umsantsa phakathi kweenkampani awumkhulu, kwaye ngokusisiseko zikwinqanaba le-R&D.

Ukusuka kwimbono yommandla, uphando lwangoku kunye nophuhliso lweebhetri eziguquguqukayo zigxininiswe e-United States, eMzantsi Korea, naseTaiwan, njenge-Mprint Energy e-United States, i-Hui Neng Taiwan, i-LG Chem eMzantsi Korea, njl. njenge-Apple, i-Samsung, kunye ne-Panasonic zikwafaka ngokusebenzayo iibhetri eziguquguqukayo. I-Mainland China yenze uphuhliso oluthile kummandla weebhetri zephepha. Iinkampani ezidweliswe njenge-Evergreen kunye neJiulong Industrial ziye zakwazi ukuphumeza imveliso eninzi. Uqalo oluninzi luye lwavela kwezinye iindlela zobugcisa, ezifana neBeijing Xujiang Technology Co., Ltd., iSoft Electronics Technology, kunye neJizhan Technology. Kwangaxeshanye, amaziko ophando lwenzululwazi abalulekileyo nawo aphuhlisa imikhombandlela emitsha yetekhnoloji.

Oku kulandelayo kuya kuhlalutya ngokufutshane kwaye kuthelekise iimveliso kunye namandla enkampani yabaphuhlisi abaninzi abaphambili kwicandelo leebhetri eziguqukayo:

eTaiwan Huineng

I-FLCB ipleyiti ethambileyo lithium ibhetri ye-ceramic

1. Ibhetri ye-lithium ceramic yahlukile kwi-electrolyte engamanzi esetyenziswa kwibhetri ye-lithium ekhoyo. Ayinakuvuza nokuba yaphukile, ibethwe, igqobhozwe, okanye itshisiwe kwaye ayiyi kubamba umlilo, itshise, okanye igqabhuke. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokhuseleko
2. I-Ultra-thin, i-thinnest inokufikelela kwi-0.38 mm
3. Ubuninzi bebhetri abukho phezulu njengaleyo yeebhetri ze-lithium. I 33mm ubude34mmI-0.38mm ibhetri ye-lithium ceramic inomthamo we-10.5mAh kunye noxinzelelo lwamandla lwe-91Wh/L.
4. Ayibhetyebhetye; inokugotywa kuphela, kwaye ayinakolulwa, icinezelwe, okanye ijije.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-2018, yakha imveliso yokuqala yehlabathi yeebhetri ze-lithium ceramic.

EMzantsi Korea LG Chem

Ibhetri yentambo

1. Inobubhetyebhetye obugqwesileyo kwaye inokumelana nenqanaba elithile lokuzolula
2. Iguquguquka ngakumbi kwaye ayifuni kufakwa ngaphakathi kwezixhobo zombane njengeebhetri ze-lithium-ion zendabuko. Inokubekwa naphi na kwaye inokudityaniswa kakuhle kuyilo lwemveliso.
3. Ibhetri yekhebula inomthamo omncinci kunye neendleko eziphezulu zemveliso
4. Akukho mveliso yamandla okwangoku

Imprint Energy, USA

Zinc ibhetri yepolymer

1. I-Ultra-thin, ukusebenza kakuhle kokhuseleko lokugoba oluguquguqukayo
2. I-Zinc inetyhefu encinci kuneebhetri ze-lithium kwaye lukhetho olukhuselekileyo lwezixhobo ezinxitywa ebantwini

Iimpawu ze-ultra-thin zinciphisa umthamo webhetri, kwaye ukusebenza kokhuseleko lwebhetri ye-zinc kusafuna ukuhlolwa kwexesha elide lemarike. Ixesha elide lokuguqulwa kwemveliso

Joyina izandla kunye noSemtech ukungena kwi-Intanethi yeZinto

Jiangsu Enfusai Printing Electronics Co., Ltd.

Ibhetri yephepha

1. Iveliswe ngobuninzi kwaye isetyenziswe kwiithegi zeRFID, ezonyango kunye nezinye iinkalo

Iyakwazi ukwenza 2. Ubungakanani, ubukhulu, kunye nokumila kuhambelana neemfuno zabasebenzisi, kwaye inokulungelelanisa indawo yee-electrode ezilungileyo kunye nezingalunganga zebhetri.

1. Ibhetri yephepha yeyokusetyenziswa kanye kwaye ayinakutshajwa
2. Amandla amancinci, kwaye iimeko zokusetyenziswa zilinganiselwe. Inokusebenza kuphela kwiithegi ze-elektroniki ze-RFID, izinzwa, amakhadi ahlakaniphile, ukupakishwa okutsha, njl.
3. Gqibezela ukufunyanwa kwe-Enfucell eFinland ngo-2018
4. Ufumene i-70 yezigidi zee-RMB kwinkxaso-mali kwi-2018

HOPPT BATTERY

Ibhetri yoshicilelo ye-3D

1. Inkqubo yoshicilelo ye-3D efanayo kunye neteknoloji yokuqinisa i-nanofiber
2. Ibhetri ye-lithium eguquguqukayo ineempawu zokukhanya, ezincinci kunye neziguquguqukayo

5.Uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo lweebhetri eziguquguqukayo

Okwangoku, iibhetri eziguquguqukayo zisenendlela ende yokuhamba kwizalathi zentsebenzo ye-electrochemical ezifana nomthamo webhetri, ukuxinana kwamandla, kunye nobomi bomjikelezo. Iibhetri eziphuhliswe kwiilabhoratri ezikhoyo ngokubanzi zineemfuno eziphezulu zenkqubo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kunye neendleko eziphezulu, ezingafanelekanga kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso emikhulu. Kwixesha elizayo, ukukhangela imathiriyeli ye-electrode eguquguqukayo kunye ne-electrolyte eyomeleleyo enentsebenzo egqwesileyo ebanzi, uyilo oluyilayo lwesakhiwo sebhetri, kunye nophuhliso lweenkqubo ezintsha zokulungiselela ibhetri yelizwe elomeleleyo zizikhokelo zempumelelo.

Ukongeza, eyona ntlungu ibalulekileyo kwishishini langoku lebhetri bubomi bebhetri. Kwixesha elizayo, abavelisi bebhetri abanokufikelela kwindawo enenzuzo kufuneka basombulule ingxaki yobomi bebhetri kunye nemveliso eguquguqukayo ngexesha elinye. Ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamandla emitsha (njengamandla elanga kunye ne-bioenergy) okanye izinto ezintsha (ezifana negraphene) kulindeleke ukuba zisombulule ezi ngxaki zimbini ngaxeshanye.

Iibhetri eziguquguqukayo ziba yi-aorta ye-electronics yabathengi kwixesha elizayo. Kwixesha elizayo elibonakalayo, ukuphumelela kwezobuchwepheshe kuyo yonke intsimi ye-electronics flexible emele iibhetri eziguquguqukayo ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuzisa utshintsho olukhulu kumashishini anyukayo kunye namazantsi.