Esona siKhokelo sokuGqibela kwiBattery yeLithium

Iipakethi zebhetri yeLithium lukhetho oludumileyo lokunika amandla izixhobo ezifana nelaptop yakho, ithebhulethi, okanye i-smartphone. Zikhaphukhaphu, zinobomi obude, kwaye zinokutshajwa ngokulula ngeetshaja ezifanelekileyo.

Yintoni iPakhi yebhetri yeLithium?

Ipakethi yebhetri ye-lithium luhlobo lwebhetri egcwalisekayo esetyenziselwa ukunika amandla izixhobo zedijithali. Ezi bhetri zenziwe ngeeseli ezininzi kwaye zikholisa ukutshajwa, nto leyo ethetha ukuba zingaphinda zisetyenziswe ngokuziplaga nokuzitshaja kwakhona. Ukuba ukhe weva ibinzana elithi "ibhetri ye-lithium ion," ngoko ucinga ukuba yonke le nto iyafana. Kodwa kukho iiyantlukwano ezimbalwa eziphambili phakathi kwe-lithium ion kunye neepakethe ze-polymer ze-lithium ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngaphambi kokuthenga.

Zisebenza njani iibhetri zeLithium

Iibhetri zeLithium lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lwebhetri kwimarike. Zinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye ziza kwiindidi ezintathu: i-lithium ion, i-lithium polymer, kunye ne-lithium iron phosphate. Indlela esebenza ngayo ipakethe yebhetri ye-lithium kukugcina kunye nokukhulula amandla ngokuphendula kweekhemikhali. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-electrode kwibhetri ye-lithium: i-anode kunye ne-cathode. Ezi electrode zifumaneka kuluhlu lweeseli eziqhagamshelwe omnye komnye (i-electrode entle, i-electrode engalunganga). I-electrolyte igcinwa phakathi kwezi seli kwaye injongo yazo kukuthutha ii-ion ukusuka kwiseli enye ukuya kwenye. Oku kusabela kuqala xa usebenzisa isixhobo sakho (umzekelo, ukusilayita). Xa isixhobo sifuna amandla amaninzi, sibangela ukunyuka kwee-electron ukusuka kwelinye icala lesekethe ukuya kwelinye. Oku kubangela ukusabela kwe-electrolyte phakathi kwee-electrode ezimbini ngelixa uvelisa umbane kunye nobushushu. Ngokulandelayo, oku kuvelisa amandla ombane amaninzi ngesekethe yangaphandle ukunika amandla isixhobo sakho njengoko kufuneka. Yonke inkqubo iphinda okoko nje isixhobo sakho sivuliwe okanye de ekugqibeleni siphelelwe ngamandla ngokupheleleyo. Xa utshaja isixhobo sakho ngetshaja, iwabuyisela umva onke la manyathelo ukuze ibhetri yakho iphinde isetyenziswe ukwenza izixhobo zombane nangaliphi na ixesha.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeePakethi zeBatri yeLithium

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeepakethi zebhetri ye-lithium. Eyokuqala yipakethi yebhetri yeLithium Polymer. Olu hlobo lolona ludumileyo kwaye lunokusetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezincinci ezifana neefowuni, iilaptops, okanye iitafile. Emva koko, unebhetri ye-Lithium Ion esetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizixhobo ezinkulu njengezithuthi zombane, kodwa zinokusetyenziswa nakwezinye izixhobo. Okokugqibela, kukho ipakethi yebhetri yeLithium Manganese Oxide (LiMnO2) enelona xesha lide lobomi kodwa ikwalelona linzima.

Iipakethi zebhetri yeLithium zincinci kwaye zikhaphukhaphu, zizenza zilungele ukunika amandla ii-elektroniki eziphathwayo. Iibhetri zeLithium ziyatshajwa kwakhona kwaye ziza nomlinganiselo wombane owahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwisixhobo asinika amandla. Kubalulekile ukwazi umlinganiselo wombane wesixhobo sakho phambi kokuba ukhethe ipakethi yebhetri. Xa sele kuthethiwe, nantsi iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeepakethe zebhetri ye-lithium kunye neyona ilungileyo onokuyisebenzisa kwisixhobo sakho.